\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article} \usepackage[english]{babel} \usepackage{amssymb,amsmath,amsfonts,amsthm} \usepackage{a4wide} \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} \usepackage[latin1]{inputenc} \setlength{\parskip}{0.3pc} \setlength{\parindent}{0pc} \setlength{\textwidth}{16cm} \pagestyle{empty} % Copied and modified from amsthm.sty: % No space between kind of theorem (lemma, definition, ...) % and number \makeatletter \def\thmhead@plain#1#2#3{% \thmname{#1}\thmnumber{\@ifnotempty{#1}{}\@upn{#2}}% \thmnote{ {\the\thm@notefont(#3)}}} \let\thmhead\thmhead@plain \makeatother \theoremstyle{definition} \newtheorem{exercise}{} \newtheorem{texercise}{T} \renewcommand{\theexercise}{\arabic{blatt}.\arabic{exercise}} \renewcommand{\thetexercise}{\arabic{blatt}.\arabic{texercise}} %\newcommand\nr[1]{\vspace{0.1ex}\noindent\hspace*{9mm}\llap{\rm(#1)}} %\newcommand\snr[1]{\ifvmode\vspace{0.1ex}\noindent\hspace*{15mm}\else %\hspace*{6mm}\fi\llap{\rm(#1)}} %\newcommand\set[2]{\bigl\{#1;\:#2\bigr\}} %\newcommand\sset[2]{\{#1;\:#2\}} \newcommand\from{\colon} %%\newcommand\from{{:}\,\,} %\newcommand\from{:} \newcommand\+{\hspace{0.05em}} %\newcommand\skpr{(\cdot\+|\+\cdot)} %%\newcommand\ind{\hbox{\rm 1\hskip -4.5pt 1}} %\newcommand\ind{\mathbf1} %\newcommand\aint{\rlap{\;\rule{1ex}{0.7pt}}\int} \newlength{\sqrtdown} \newcommand\mysqrt[3]{% \setlength\sqrtdown{-\ifcase#2 0\or.35\or.9\or1.6\or2.3\fi ex} \addtolength\sqrtdown{-#3} \sqrt{\rule[\sqrtdown]{0ex}{\ifcase#2 1\or2.2\or2.6\or4\or5.4\fi ex}\smash{#1}}} \renewcommand{\labelenumi}{(\alph{enumi})} \renewcommand{\labelenumii}{(\roman{enumii})} %\expandafter\def\csname selectlanguage \endcsname#1{% % %\edef\bbl@pop@language{% % % \noexpand\bbl@set@language{\languagename}}% % %\aftergroup\bbl@pop@language % \bbl@set@language{#1}} %\def\env@cases{% % \let\@ifnextchar\new@ifnextchar % \left\lbrace % \def\arraystretch{1.1}% % \array{@{\,}l@{\quad}l@{}}% %} \newcommand{\german}{\selectlanguage{german}\frenchspacing} \newcommand{\english}{\selectlanguage{english}\frenchspacing} % % Heiners math macros % % from amsldoc, page 17. \providecommand{\abs}[1]{\lvert#1\rvert} \providecommand{\norm}[1]{\lVert#1\rVert} % von mir ausgedacht :). Oder Fall (1) mit \bigg? Vgl. amsldoc, PDF-Seite 20 \providecommand{\Abs}[1]{ \mathchoice{\Bigl\lvert#1\Bigr\rvert}% {\bigl\lvert#1\bigr\rvert}% {\lvert#1\rvert}% {\lvert#1\rvert}} % This one with optional argument for indices. Extra { } doesn't work % since the contents are potentially bigger. \providecommand{\Norm}[2][]{ \mathchoice{\Bigl\lVert#2\Bigr\rVert_{#1}}% {\bigl\lVert#2\bigr\rVert_{#1}}% {\lVert#2\rVert_{#1}}% {\lVert#2\rVert_{#1}}} % Hand selection. (Experimental) \providecommand{\bigabs}[1]{\bigl\lvert#1\bigr\rvert} \providecommand{\Bigabs}[1]{\Bigl\lvert#1\Bigr\rvert} \providecommand{\biggabs}[1]{\biggl\lvert#1\biggr\rvert} \providecommand{\Biggabs}[1]{\Biggl\lvert#1\Biggr\rvert} \providecommand{\bignorm}[1]{\bigl\lVert#1\bigr\rVert} \providecommand{\Bignorm}[1]{\Bigl\lVert#1\Bigr\rVert} \providecommand{\biggnorm}[1]{\biggl\lVert#1\biggr\rVert} \providecommand{\Biggnorm}[1]{\Biggl\lVert#1\Biggr\rVert} % The same for sets \providecommand{\set}[1]{\{#1\}} \providecommand{\Set}[1]{ \mathchoice{\bigl\{#1\bigr\}}% {\{#1\}}% {\{#1\}}% {\{#1\}}} \providecommand{\bigset}[1]{\bigl\{#1\bigr\}} \providecommand{\Bigset}[1]{\Bigl\{#1\Bigr\}} \providecommand{\biggset}[1]{\biggl\{#1\biggr\}} \providecommand{\Biggset}[1]{\Biggl\{#1\Biggr\}} % The same for parentheses and brackets \providecommand{\parens}[1]{(#1)} %\providecommand{\Parens}[1]{ % \mathchoice{\bigl(#1\bigr)}% % {(#1)}% % {(#1)}% % {(#1)}} \providecommand{\bigparens}[1]{\bigl(#1\bigr)} \providecommand{\Bigparens}[1]{\Bigl(#1\Bigr)} \providecommand{\biggparens}[1]{\biggl(#1\biggr)} \providecommand{\Biggparens}[1]{\Biggl(#1\Biggr)} \let\Parens\bigparens \providecommand{\brackets}[1]{[#1]} %\providecommand{\Brackets}[1]{ % \mathchoice{\bigl[#1\bigr]}% % {[#1]}% % {[#1]}% % {[#1]}} \providecommand{\bigbrackets}[1]{\bigl[#1\bigr]} \providecommand{\Bigbrackets}[1]{\Bigl[#1\Bigr]} \providecommand{\biggbrackets}[1]{\biggl[#1\biggr]} \providecommand{\Biggbrackets}[1]{\Biggl[#1\Biggr]} \let\Brackets\bigbrackets % Way easier to type (idea of Dr. H. Vogt) \let\<\langle \let\>\rangle % Angular brackets pair \providecommand{\apair}[2]{\<#1,#2\>} \providecommand{\Apair}[2]{ \mathchoice{\Bigl\<#1,#2\Bigr\>}% {\bigl\<#1,#2\bigr\>}% {\<#1,#2\>}% {\<#1,#2\>}} \providecommand{\bigmid}{\bigm\vert} \providecommand{\Bigmid}{\Bigm\vert} \providecommand{\biggmid}{\biggm\vert} \providecommand{\Biggmid}{\Biggm\vert} \DeclareMathOperator{\lin}{lin} % Lineare Hülle \DeclareMathOperator{\sgn}{sgn} % Signum \DeclareMathOperator{\id}{id} % Identität \DeclareMathOperator{\grad}{grad} % Gradient \DeclareMathOperator{\diam}{diam} % Diameter \DeclareMathOperator{\spt}{spt} % Support \DeclareMathOperator*{\esssup}{ess\,sup} % Wesentliches Supremum \DeclareMathOperator{\dist}{dist} % Distance \DeclareMathOperator{\ran}{ran} %\newcommand\essim{\operatorname{ess\,im}} %\newcommand\tr{\operatorname{tr}} %\renewcommand\div{\operatorname{div}} %\newcommand\Arg{\operatorname{Arg}} %\newcommand\Ln{\operatorname{Ln}} %\newcommand\co{\operatorname{co}} \newcommand{\1}{\textrm{1}} % Indikatorfunktion \newcommand{\dotid}{\,\cdot\,} % Hier-Einsetzen-Identität \let\textdef\textit \newcommand{\where}[1]{ \mathchoice{\qquad(#1)}% {\,\ (#1)}% % Dr. Vogt version {\,(#1)}% % Last two really shouldn't be used {\,(#1)}} \newcommand{\bigwhere}[1]{ \mathchoice{\qquad\bigl(#1\bigr)}% {\,\ \bigl(#1\bigr)}% % Dr. Vogt version {\,(#1)}% % Last two really shouldn't be used {\,(#1)}} % A complement to \smash, \llap, and \rlap. TUGboat 22 (2001), 350--352. % See http://math.arizona.edu/~aprl/publications/mathclap/ \def\clap#1{\hbox to 0pt{\hss#1\hss}} \def\mathllap{\mathpalette\mathllapinternal} \def\mathrlap{\mathpalette\mathrlapinternal} \def\mathclap{\mathpalette\mathclapinternal} \def\mathllapinternal#1#2{% \llap{$\mathsurround=0pt#1{#2}$}} \def\mathrlapinternal#1#2{% \rlap{$\mathsurround=0pt#1{#2}$}} \def\mathclapinternal#1#2{% \clap{$\mathsurround=0pt#1{#2}$}} % Abschluss, Inneres \providecommand{\cl}[1]{\overline{#1}} \DeclareMathOperator{\interior}{int} % amsldoc, page 22 (PDF page 26) \providecommand{\field}[1]{\mathbb{#1}} % Normales \mathbb _scheint_ zu klein für die anderen Symbole %\providecommand{\field}[1]{% % {\mathchoice{\mbox{\small$\mathbb{#1}$}}% % {\mbox{\small$\mathbb{#1}$}}% % {\mbox{\large$\scriptscriptstyle\mathbb{#1}$}}% % {\mbox{\footnotesize$\scriptscriptstyle\mathbb{#1}$}}}} \providecommand{\N}{\field{N}} \providecommand{\Z}{\field{Z}} % true fields following now :) \providecommand{\Q}{\field{Q}} \providecommand{\R}{\field{R}} \providecommand{\C}{\field{C}} \providecommand{\K}{\field{K}} % generic Field == Körper \DeclareMathOperator{\TextRe}{Re} \DeclareMathOperator{\TextIm}{Im} \renewcommand{\Re}{\TextRe} \renewcommand{\Im}{\TextIm} \newcommand{\A}{\mathcal{A}} \newcommand{\B}{\mathcal{B}} \newcommand{\F}{\mathcal{F}} \newcommand{\G}{\mathcal{G}} \newcommand{\I}{\mathcal{I}} \newcommand{\J}{\mathcal{J}} \let\suppressedL\L \renewcommand{\L}{\mathcal{L}} \newcommand{\Zz}{\mathcal{Z}} \newcommand{\M}{\mathcal{M}} \newcommand{\Nn}{\mathcal{N}} \newcommand{\Cee}{\mathcal{C}} \newcommand{\eps}{\varepsilon} \newcommand{\wto}{\rightharpoonup} \newcommand{\rH}{\mathscr{H}} \let\longHungarianUmlaut\H \renewcommand{\H}{\mathcal{H}} \newcommand{\Pot}{\mathfrak{P}} \newcommand{\T}{\mathcal{T}} %\let\sectionsymbol\S %\DeclareInputText{167}{\sectionsymbol} % for latin1 %\renewcommand{\S}{\mathcal{S}} %\newcommand{\U}{\mathcal{U}} % "Such that" für Mengen \providecommand{\st}{\colon} % "d" für Integrale. Roman? \newcommand{\upd}{\mathrm{d}} \let\underdot\d \renewcommand{\d}{\,\upd} \newcommand{\dx}{\d x} \newcommand{\dt}{\d t} \newcommand{\ds}{\d s} \newcommand{\dy}{\d y} \newcommand{\dr}{\d r} % Ghosts of departed quantities \newcommand{\dbyd}[1]{\frac{\upd}{\upd{#1}}} \newcommand{\fin}{\mathrm{fin}} \newcommand{\loc}{\mathrm{loc}} \newcommand{\textimplies}{\ensuremath{\,\Rightarrow\,}} \newcommand{\sigmaAlg}{\sigma} % Für Ana 1 \renewcommand{\c}{\mathrm{c}} \let\oldrestriction\restriction \renewcommand{\restriction}[1]{\,\bigr\rvert_{#1}} \newcounter{blatt}